HeaderIcon
  1. Agent Logo

Explore by Metro

  • Atlanta
  • Baltimore
  • Boston
  • Bronx
  • Brooklyn
  • Chicago
  • Los Angeles
  • Manhattan
  • Miami
  • Nashville
  • Orlando
  • Philadelphia
  • Phoenix
  • Queens
  • San Diego
  • San Jose
  • Tampa
  • Washington
HeaderIcon

Explore by Metro

  • Atlanta
  • Baltimore
  • Boston
  • Bronx
  • Brooklyn
  • Chicago
  • Los Angeles
  • Manhattan
  • Miami
  • Nashville
  • Orlando
  • Philadelphia
  • Phoenix
  • Queens
  • San Diego
  • San Jose
  • Tampa
  • Washington
leftArrowBack to Search
  1. Home
  2. /
  3. Boston, MA
  4. /
  5. 14-18 Medfield Street Condominium
Add to favoritesAdd to favorites (hover)
Save
leftArrow
Add to favoritesAdd to favorites (hover)

14-18 Medfield Street Condominium

18 Medfield Street, Boston, MA, 02215

YEAR BUILT

1920

# STORIES

1

# TOTAL UNITS

6

UNIT SIZE RANGE

952-975 sqft

Description

14-18 Medfield Street Condominium rests in Boston at 18 Medfield Street. This low-rise building stands at one story with six units. It was built in 1920, featuring classic architecture that complements the neighborhood. Nearby, Commonwealth Avenue and Brighton Avenue serve as main road access points. Unit sizes range from 952 to 975 square feet, with 2 bedrooms in each unit. Prices for these units vary from $552,500 to $827,500. The average closed price over the last year is $827,500, showing stability in the market. Each unit has a price per square foot of about $862. Amenities enhance the living experience at this property. Laundry facilities are available, along with hot water service. Residents benefit from nearby parks, garden areas, and conservation spaces. Nearby, the tennis courts offer recreational options. Access to public transportation ensures easy commuting. Local restaurants add to the area’s charm. Options like Taberna De Haro, The Elephant Walk, and Cafe Lanwer provide varied dining experiences. The nearby Charles River adds scenic beauty and outdoor activities. With an average of 56 days on the market, the building maintains good interest. This property combines historical appeal with practical amenities. Its location brings together community life and the excitement of city living.

Building ImageMLS ID #73295480
Building ImageMLS ID #73295480
Building Image
Building ImageView Listing

14-18 Medfield Street Condominium

18 Medfield Street, Boston, MA, 02215

YEAR BUILT

1920

# STORIES

1

# TOTAL UNITS

6

UNIT SIZE RANGE

952-975 sqft

Description

14-18 Medfield Street Condominium rests in Boston at 18 Medfield Street. This low-rise building stands at one story with six units. It was built in 1920, featuring classic architecture that complements the neighborhood. Nearby, Commonwealth Avenue and Brighton Avenue serve as main road access points. Unit sizes range from 952 to 975 square feet, with 2 bedrooms in each unit. Prices for these units vary from $552,500 to $827,500. The average closed price over the last year is $827,500, showing stability in the market. Each unit has a price per square foot of about $862. Amenities enhance the living experience at this property. Laundry facilities are available, along with hot water service. Residents benefit from nearby parks, garden areas, and conservation spaces. Nearby, the tennis courts offer recreational options. Access to public transportation ensures easy commuting. Local restaurants add to the area’s charm. Options like Taberna De Haro, The Elephant Walk, and Cafe Lanwer provide varied dining experiences. The nearby Charles River adds scenic beauty and outdoor activities. With an average of 56 days on the market, the building maintains good interest. This property combines historical appeal with practical amenities. Its location brings together community life and the excitement of city living.

Next

Description

14-18 Medfield Street Condominium rests in Boston at 18 Medfield Street. This low-rise building stands at one story with six units. It was built in 1920, featuring classic architecture that complements the neighborhood. Nearby, Commonwealth Avenue and Brighton Avenue serve as main road access points. Unit sizes range from 952 to 975 square feet, with 2 bedrooms in each unit. Prices for these units vary from $552,500 to $827,500. The average closed price over the last year is $827,500, showing stability in the market. Each unit has a price per square foot of about $862. Amenities enhance the living experience at this property. Laundry facilities are available, along with hot water service. Residents benefit from nearby parks, garden areas, and conservation spaces. Nearby, the tennis courts offer recreational options. Access to public transportation ensures easy commuting. Local restaurants add to the area’s charm. Options like Taberna De Haro, The Elephant Walk, and Cafe Lanwer provide varied dining experiences. The nearby Charles River adds scenic beauty and outdoor activities. With an average of 56 days on the market, the building maintains good interest. This property combines historical appeal with practical amenities. Its location brings together community life and the excitement of city living.

14-18 Medfield Street Condominium Market Stats Last 12 months

Avg. Listed Price-

Avg. Sale Price$827,500($862/Sqft.)
Year over year list price0.00%

Year over year sale priceDown Arrow 1.95%
Total Listings0 Listed

Total sold1 Sold
Average Days on Market56 days

Average HOA fees per sqft$2 /monthly
Next

Market Stats

Year over year list price0.00%

Year over year sale priceDown Arrow1.95%
Total Listings0 Listed

Total sold1 Sold
Average Days on Market56 days

Average HOA fees per sqft$2 /monthly

Glen Gardens Estate Availability & Demand

Unit Availability

-
High availability buildings list units frequently.

Unit Availability helps to understand how often units in a particular building are listed for sale as compared with the neighborhood average. Units are rarely listed in buildings with low availability.

Unit Demand

-
Units in high-demand buildings sell quicker.

Unit Demand is a measure of quickly units in a particular building sell as compared with other buildings in the neighborhood. Units in high-demand buildings sell more quickly.

For Sale 0 For Sale

14-18 Medfield Street Condominium Inventory & Sale History

UnitSize (sqft)BedsBathsDays On MarketDateStatusPrice
Unit 6696121562024-11-21
MLS#: 73295480
Closed$827,500
Unit Unit #5Unit #597521402023-12-11
MLS#: 73176385
Closed$844,000
Unit 5595221392011-11-13
MLS#: 71296848
Closed$552,500
Unit 5
5

2 Beds

1 Baths

952 sqft


DateStatusPrice
2011-11-13Closed$552,500
MLS#: 71296848
Days On Market39
Unit 6
6

2 Beds

1 Baths

961 sqft


DateStatusPrice
2024-11-21Closed$827,500
MLS#: 73295480
Days On Market56
Unit Unit #5
Unit #5

2 Beds

1 Baths

975 sqft


DateStatusPrice
2023-12-11Closed$844,000
MLS#: 73176385
Days On Market40
View Complete Unit Listing HistorySource By: MLSPIN

Amenities

One of the best aspects of living at 14-18 Medfield Street is the range of amenities on offer. For active lifestyles, there's a lovely tennis court and a beautiful garden area for relaxation and community gatherings. Staying active is easy with nearby bike paths, and for those who prefer leisurely strolls, there’s access to local parks and conservation areas. Additionally, the building provides laundry facilities and hot water, making daily living tasks a breeze. Convenient highway access and public transportation options are also a big plus for residents who enjoy exploring all that Boston has to offer.

Next

Amenities Description

One of the best aspects of living at 14-18 Medfield Street is the range of amenities on offer. For active lifestyles, there's a lovely tennis court and a beautiful garden area for relaxation and community gatherings. Staying active is easy with nearby bike paths, and for those who prefer leisurely strolls, there’s access to local parks and conservation areas. Additionally, the building provides laundry facilities and hot water, making daily living tasks a breeze. Convenient highway access and public transportation options are also a big plus for residents who enjoy exploring all that Boston has to offer.

Parking
Parking
Locker
Locker
Concierge
Concierge
Elevator(s)
Elevator(s)
Central AC
Central AC
Pool
Pool
Fitness Center
Fitness Center
-
Visitors Parking
Visitors Parking
Next

Amenities

Laundry

Laundry

Tennis Court(s)

Tennis Court(s)

Storage

Storage

Balcony

Balcony

Policies

For those concerned about policies, rest assured that the building is pet-friendly—so you can bring along your furry companions without a hitch. This welcoming policy further enhances the community atmosphere, making it a truly inviting place to live.

Pet Allowed
Pet Allowed
BBQ Permitted
BBQ Permitted
Sublet Allowed
Sublet Allowed
Short-term Rental Allowed
Short-term Rental Allowed

Compare with Buildings in the Neighbourhood (Last 12 Months)

Compare building's average price/sq. ft. and HOA fees/sq. ft. to buildings nearby

Building NameAvg price per square footAVG HOA FEE per square foot (Monthly)
14-18 Medfield Street Condominium$862/sqft.$2 /sqft.
452 Park Dr$716/sqft.$2 /sqft.
910 Beacon St$1,120/sqft.$2 /sqft.
922 Beacon St$921/sqft.$2 /sqft.
910 Beacon$1,120/sqft.$2 /sqft.
7-21 Aberdeen Street Condominium$966/sqft.$2 /sqft.

Nearby Schools

In Fenway / Kenmore, 14-18 Medfield Street Condominium benefits from nearby schools within easy reach. Educational institutions within 2 miles reduce travel time for families. This convenient access supports balanced daily routines. The location promotes comfortable urban living.

Winsor School

--
Private|Grades 5–12
103 Pilgrim Rd|0.31 miles away

Ivy Street School

--
Private|Grades 8–12
200 Ivy St|0.34 miles away

New England Hebrew Academy

--
Private|Grades PK–8
11 Essex St|0.34 miles away

Boston University Academy

--
Private|Grades 9–12
1 University Rd|0.44 miles away

Brookline Early Education Program at Beacon

--
Public|Grades PK–PK
115 Greenough St R...|0.47 miles away

Boston Latin School

A-
Public|Grades 7–12
78 Avenue Louis Pa...|0.57 miles away
Next

Schools

arrow rightWhat to know about schoolsarrow right
Next

Description

In Fenway / Kenmore, 14-18 Medfield Street Condominium benefits from nearby schools within easy reach. Educational institutions within 2 miles reduce travel time for families. This convenient access supports balanced daily routines. The location promotes comfortable urban living.

Winsor School

--
Private|Grades 5–12
103 Pilgrim Rd|Less than 1 Mile Away

Ivy Street School

--
Private|Grades 8–12
200 Ivy St|Less than 1 Mile Away

New England Hebrew Academy

--
Private|Grades PK–8
11 Essex St|Less than 1 Mile Away

Boston University Academy

--
Private|Grades 9–12
1 University Rd|Less than 1 Mile Away

Brookline Early Education Program at Beacon

--
Public|Grades PK–PK
115 Greenough St R...|Less than 1 Mile Away

Boston Latin School

A-
Public|Grades 7–12
78 Avenue Louis Pa...|Less than 1 Mile Away

Amos A. Lawrence School

A-
Public|Grades KG–8
27 Francis St|Less than 1 Mile Away

Edward M. Kennedy Academy for Health Careers

C
Public|Grades 9–12
360 Huntington Ave...|Less than 1 Mile Away

Morse

B
Public|Grades PK–5
40 Granite St|Less than 1 Mile Away

The Lynch Center

--
Public|Grades PK–PK
599 Brookline Ave|Less than 1 Mile Away

Edward Devotion School

B
Public|Grades KG–8
345 Harvard St|Less than 1 Mile Away

Match Charter Public School

C
Public|Grades PK–12
1001 Commonwealth ...|Less than 1 Mile Away

Maurice J. Tobin K-8 School

C-
Public|Grades PK–8
40 Smith St|Less than 1 Mile Away

Pierce School

A
Public|Grades KG–8
50 School St|1.03 Miles Away

Fenway High School

D+
Public|Grades 9–12
67 Alleghany St|1.07 Miles Away

Bay Cove Academy

--
Private|Grades 8–12
156 Lawton St|1.10 Miles Away

Malik Academy/ Al Bustan Preschool

--
Private|Grades PK–KG
808 Memorial Dr St...|1.16 Miles Away

Carter Developmental Center

--
Public|Grades 6–12
396 Northampton St|1.19 Miles Away

Malik Academy

--
Private|Grades 1–8
100 Malcolm X Blvd|1.19 Miles Away

Roxbury Preparatory Charter School

C+
Public|Grades 5–12
120 Fisher Ave|1.22 Miles Away

Madison Park High

F
Public|Grades 9–12
75 Malcolm X Blvd|1.22 Miles Away

Amigos School

A-
Public|Grades PK–8
15 Upton St|1.23 Miles Away

Kingsley Montessori School

--
Private|Grades PK–6
30 Fairfield St|1.27 Miles Away

James P. Timilty Middle School

D
Public|Grades 6–8
205 Roxbury St|1.27 Miles Away

John D. O'Bryant School of Mathematics and Science

A-
Public|Grades 7–12
55 Malcolm X Blvd|1.30 Miles Away

The Newman School

--
Private|Grades 7–12
247 Marlborough St|1.32 Miles Away

The Newman School

--
Private|Grades 7–12
247 Marlborough St|1.32 Miles Away

James W Hennigan

C
Public|Grades KG–8
200 Heath St|1.34 Miles Away

West Zone Early Learning Center

--
Public|Grades EE–1
200 Heath St|1.34 Miles Away

Kingsley Montessori School

--
Private|Grades PK–6
26 Exeter St|1.40 Miles Away

Brookline High School

B+
Public|Grades 9–12
115 Greenough St|1.45 Miles Away

St Herman of Alaska Christian School

--
Private|Grades KG–8
62 Harvard Ave|1.46 Miles Away

Snowden International School At Copley

F
Public|Grades 9–12
150 Newbury St|1.49 Miles Away

Joseph J. Hurley K-8 School

C+
Public|Grades PK–8
70 Worcester St|1.51 Miles Away

Martin Luther King Jr.

A-
Public|Grades PK–5
102 Putnam Ave|1.51 Miles Away

Putnam Avenue Upper School

C
Public|Grades 6–8
100 Putnam Ave|1.54 Miles Away

Prospect Hill Academy Charter School

C
Public|Grades KG–12
50 Essex St|1.56 Miles Away

Michael Driscoll School

A
Public|Grades PK–8
64 Westbourne Ter|1.57 Miles Away

Brookline Early Education Program at Clark Road

--
Public|Grades PK–PK
333 Washington St ...|1.57 Miles Away

Nathan Hale Elementary School

B+
Public|Grades PK–5
51 Cedar St|1.57 Miles Away

Fletcher/Maynard Academy

C
Public|Grades PK–5
225 Windsor St|1.57 Miles Away

Learning Project Elementary School

--
Private|Grades KG–6
107 Marlborough St|1.60 Miles Away

Maimonides

--
Private|Grades PK–12
34 Philbrick Rd|1.62 Miles Away

John F. Kennedy Elementary School

C+
Public|Grades PK–5
7 Bolster St|1.62 Miles Away

Maimonides School Elementary Section

--
Private|Grades KG–5
34 Philbrick Rd|1.63 Miles Away

Nativity Preparatory School

--
Private|Grades 4–8
39 Lamartine St|1.65 Miles Away

William H. Lincoln School

A-
Public|Grades KG–8
19 Kennard Rd|1.66 Miles Away

William Mckinley School

F
Public|Grades KG–12
90 Warren Ave|1.68 Miles Away

Horace Mann School For The Deaf

--
Public|Grades PK–12
40 Armington St|1.70 Miles Away

Jackson Mann K-8 School

D+
Public|Grades PK–8
40 Armington St|1.70 Miles Away

Transit

Located in a transit-friendly area of Boston, 14-18 Medfield Street Condominium provides easy access to nearby public transportation. Within a 2-mile radius, Bus, Tram support smooth and efficient travel. Reliable transit connectivity improves commuting experiences. This location promotes accessibility and urban convenience.

100 S Huntington Ave

1.12 miles away|22 min walk

105 S Huntington Ave

1.13 miles away|22 min walk

106 Heath St opp Bickford Ave

1.33 miles away|26 min walk

1079 Commonwealth Ave

1.01 miles away|20 min walk

107 Heath St opp Bickford Ave

1.32 miles away|26 min walk

125 Western Ave

1.58 miles away|31 min walk
Next

Transit

arrow rightWhat to know about transitarrow right
Next

Description

Located in a transit-friendly area of Boston, 14-18 Medfield Street Condominium provides easy access to nearby public transportation. Within a 2-mile radius, Bus, Tram support smooth and efficient travel. Reliable transit connectivity improves commuting experiences. This location promotes accessibility and urban convenience.

100 S Huntington Ave

1.12 miles away|22 min walk

105 S Huntington Ave

1.13 miles away|22 min walk

106 Heath St opp Bickford Ave

1.33 miles away|26 min walk

1079 Commonwealth Ave

1.01 miles away|20 min walk

107 Heath St opp Bickford Ave

1.32 miles away|26 min walk

125 Western Ave

1.58 miles away|31 min walk

130 Western Ave

1.59 miles away|31 min walk

132 Brookline Ave opp Fullerton St

0.27 miles away|6 min walk

177 Heath St opp Walden St

1.32 miles away|26 min walk

205 Roxbury St

1.29 miles away|25 min walk

30 Annunciation Rd

0.97 miles away|19 min walk

34 Heath St opp Bromley St

1.42 miles away|28 min walk

360 Huntington Ave

0.95 miles away|19 min walk

42A John Eliot Sq

1.33 miles away|26 min walk

43 W Dedham St

1.73 miles away|34 min walk

454 Broadway

1.96 miles away|38 min walk

677 Huntington Ave

0.72 miles away|14 min walk

684 Washington St

1.51 miles away|29 min walk

69 Annunciation Rd

0.97 miles away|19 min walk

75 St. Alphonsus St

0.81 miles away|16 min walk

77 Massachusetts Ave

1.16 miles away|23 min walk

835 Huntington Ave opp Parker Hill Ave

0.85 miles away|17 min walk

84 Massachusetts Ave

1.12 miles away|22 min walk

91 E Concord St

1.86 miles away|36 min walk

Albany St opp Boston Medical

1.89 miles away|37 min walk

Albany St opp E Concord St

1.92 miles away|37 min walk

Albany St opp E Newton St

1.95 miles away|38 min walk

Albany St opp Randall St

1.8 miles away|35 min walk

Albany St @ Randall St

1.79 miles away|35 min walk

Allston Street

1.62 miles away|31 min walk

Amesbury St @ Vassar St

0.6 miles away|12 min walk

Ames St @ Main St

1.53 miles away|30 min walk

Amory Street

0.57 miles away|11 min walk

Amory Street - Amory St

0.55 miles away|11 min walk

Amory Street - Buick St Saint Paul St

0.63 miles away|13 min walk

Annunciation Rd & Albert St

1.03 miles away|20 min walk

Arlington

1.86 miles away|36 min walk

Arlington - Arlington St (East)

1.88 miles away|36 min walk

Arlington - Arlington St (West)

1.87 miles away|36 min walk

Arlington - Elevator Boylston St

1.84 miles away|36 min walk

Arlington - Public Garden

1.86 miles away|36 min walk

Arlington St @ Isabella St

1.89 miles away|37 min walk

Arlington St @ Saint James Ave

1.87 miles away|36 min walk

Ave Louis Pasteur @ Longwood Ave

0.54 miles away|11 min walk

Ave Louis Pasteur @ The Fenway

0.44 miles away|9 min walk

Babcock Street

0.81 miles away|16 min walk

Babcock Street - Babcock St

0.89 miles away|18 min walk

Babcock Street - Harry Agganis Way Pleasant St

0.77 miles away|15 min walk

Back Bay

1.55 miles away|30 min walk

Back Bay - 167 Dartmouth St

1.54 miles away|30 min walk

The Neighbourhood: Fenway / Kenmore

Fenway / Kenmore is centered on Fenway Park and a lively arts and sports scene. The area has museums, theaters, and live music venues. It also offers green space like the Back Bay Fens and river paths for walking. You can find many restaurants, cafes, small shops, grocery stores, and services close by. A major square links this district to the MBTA Green Line, several bus routes, and nearby colleges that host classes and events. People walk, bike, or take transit to restaurants, work, and errands, and they use public spaces for exercise and small gatherings.

Next

Neighbourhood Description

Fenway / Kenmore is centered on Fenway Park and a lively arts and sports scene. The area has museums, theaters, and live music venues. It also offers green space like the Back Bay Fens and river paths for walking. You can find many restaurants, cafes, small shops, grocery stores, and services close by. A major square links this district to the MBTA Green Line, several bus routes, and nearby colleges that host classes and events. People walk, bike, or take transit to restaurants, work, and errands, and they use public spaces for exercise and small gatherings.

Similar Buildings Nearby

Add to favoritesAdd to favorites (hover)
Longwood Condominiums
20 Chapel St., Brookline, MA
Click to see listings
Add to favoritesAdd to favorites (hover)
20 Chapel St
20 Chapel St, Brookline, MA
Click to see listings
Add to favoritesAdd to favorites (hover)
465 Washington St
465 Washington St, Brookline, MA
Click to see listings
Add to favoritesAdd to favorites (hover)
86 Marlborough St
86 Marlborough St, Boston, MA
Click to see listings
Add to favoritesAdd to favorites (hover)
Longwood Condominiums
20 Chapel St., Brookline, MA
Click to see listings
Add to favoritesAdd to favorites (hover)
20 Chapel St
20 Chapel St, Brookline, MA
Click to see listings
Add to favoritesAdd to favorites (hover)
465 Washington St
465 Washington St, Brookline, MA
Click to see listings
View All Similar Buildings

14-18 Medfield Street Condominium Demographics

Age Demographics

0–14 Years

7.45%

15–29 Years

54.58%

30–44 Years

17.53%

45–59 Years

9.09%

60+ Years

11.35%

Commute

22.48%

Transit

36.87%

Walk

20.26%

Drive

3.82%

Bike

Housing Ownership

20.32%

Owner Occupied

79.68%

Rental Units

Household Types

Single Family
17.24%
Multi Family
2.49%
Single Person
47.04%
Multi Person
52.96%

Average Income

Household:$6,925,241.3 /yr

Individual:$4,531,052.02 /yr

Education

Bachelors Degree32.6%
High School College8.79%
Diploma2.48%
Post Graduate44.51%
Others11.63%
Next

Education

Diploma2.48%
Post Graduate44.51%
Others11.63%
Get the HelloCondo Newsletter
Real-estate tips, insights, and market reports in your inbox.
Newsletter
  1. Home
  2. /Boston, MA
  3. /
    14-18 Medfield Street Condominium
Nearby Cities
Tewksbury
Buildings
1011 Beacon St
12 Keswick St
14-18 Medfield Street Condomin...
15 Keswick
15 Keswick Street
447 Park Dr
448 Park Dr
451 Park Dr
451 Park Drive Condominium Ass...
452 Park Dr
465 Park Dr
7 Keswick St
905 Beacon Street Condominium
909 Beacon
910 Beacon St
922 Beacon
922 Beacon St
922 Beacon Street Condominium
The Fountainbleau
Neighborhoods
Brookline HillsCentral LynnCentralville
Downtown LowellEast SomervilleHighlandsHorace MannHyde ParkLakeviewLindenNewton Upper FallsRobert'sSouth LowellSpring HillThe HighlandsUnion Square / Prospect HillWaterfrontWest CambridgeWest NewtonWest Peabody
ZIP Codes
017300185201876
0188701949021310214002155021860222202301023020236702370024210244602451024580246502468
Community
10-14 Park Vale Avenue Apartments10-14 Sydney Street Condominiums10-32A Glenville Avenue Apartments
100 Boatswains Way100 Captains Row100 Commandants Way100 High Street Condominiums100 Main Street100 Pond Street100 Riverway100 Waite Street Condominiums101 Prince Street101-107 Winthrop Road103 Alban Street105 Beacon Street105 West 3rd Street107 Chestnut Street108 Mount Vernon Street108 Washington Street109 Beach Street
HelloCondo Logo
HelloCondo Logo
HelloCondo Is The #1 Condo Search Platform And Real Estate Recommendation Engine. Search, Find And Buy The Perfect Condo And Get Matched With The Best Agents. Finding A Condo Has Never Been So Easy.

HelloCondo is a division of HelloCasa, LLC

FacebookIconInstagramIconXIconRedditIcon

HelloCondo

Find A RealtorTerms of UsePrivacy PolicyCalifornia Privacy NoticeAccessibility PolicyCCPA Notice on CollectionDMCABrowseNYS Standard Operating ProcedureNYS Fair Housing Notice

Contact

LocationIcon
300 Galleria Pkwy SE, Suite 1500,
Atlanta, GA 30339
PhoneICon
(855) 625-0319
EmailIConhello@hellocondo.com
Contact Us

For Sale

Condos for saleTownhomes for sale
AgentIcon
LocationIcon

The Market

Lindsay Higgins

PO Box 290148 Boston, MA 02129

PhoneICon781-789-2740
EmailIConLindsay@TheMarket.Properties
© HelloCondo 2026. All Rights Reserved.